1896-7 Rebellion Memorials

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Why is this article relevant?

Recently the Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe in Bulawayo managed to recover the Filabusi Rebellion Memorial, which had been toppled over in 2016 and transport the pieces to Bulawayo for restoration and then erection in December 2019 in the grounds of the Museum. The History Society of Zimbabwe and a number of organisations and individuals helped support this project with funding and transport. This makes it an opportune time to explore what these National Monuments represent and whom they commemorate.

Historical background to the 1896 Matabeleland Rebellion or Umvukela Memorials

Harry Archie Cripwell, one of the founders and first Chairman of the Rhodesiana Society and long-time editor of its magazine provided much of the information that C.K. Cooke, then Director of the Historical Monuments Commission, provides in his 1970 article on Memorials: Matabele Rebellion 1896.

One hundred and forty-five settlers were killed in Matabeleland during the Uprising, or Umvukela of whom the great majority of one hundred and twenty-one were killed between the 23 – 31 March 1896; sixteen in April and only eight others in the following months to December 1896. Obelisks, carved from red sandstone, with the names of those killed were erected in the veld, on or near the scene of death. The four National Monuments commemorating those killed in the Matabele Rebellion, or Umvukela are:

All are described on the website www.zimfieldguide.com The memorials followed the creation of a Rhodesia Memorial Fund in 1896; meetings were held in Bulawayo and Salisbury (now Harare) on the 12th and 27th of October 1896 with the aim of setting up memorials to those killed or wounded and for those that suffered financial loss and to erect hospitals, libraries and museums. The Memorials can all be identified by the words ‘Rhodesia Memorial Fund’ carved in the base. However, Mr Cripwell did not know if the Memorials were publicly unveiled and, if so, on what date.

There was a central committee with the Administrator, Earl Grey, as President and sub-committees at Salisbury and Bulawayo; the members at Bulawayo being T. Griffin, S. Redrup, P.D. Crewe, J. Mudie-Thomson, E.R. Townsend, G.S.D. Forbes, Father Daignault, C.C. Grenfell, E.C. Wallace, J.A. Spreckley and J.C. Knapp with C. Arnold as secretary.

Griffin was Commissioner of Mines and Public Works, Townsend was Civil Commissioner, Redrup, Crewe and Spreckley were members of the first Bulawayo Municipal Council; Forbes, Wallace and Grenfell were mining men, so the committee included many of the most prominent citizens.

Pongo Memorial - National Monument No. 33

GPS reference: 19⁰44′52.16″S 29⁰24′26.47″E

The Memorial is situated just to the west of the Shangani River Bridge and it is a mystery why it is called the Pongo Memorial, as the Pongo River is sited about 15 kilometres further to the west. However, a number of the victims were killed at the Pongo store, and this probably accounts for the name.

The obelisk shaped monument made of red sandstone commemorates those civilian prospectors, traders and farmers (thirty-two men, three women and nine children; forty-four in all) who were killed in the area during the 1896 Matabele uprising or Umvukela.

Names on the Pongo Memorial
Names	Date of Death	Details
Barr, W.A.	End March	killed at Shangani. His name is almost indecipherable on the Pongo Memorial
Bertelsen, Paul Emal, wife Hannar & 4 sons	End March	killed at Shangani, farming 12 miles north of Hartley Hills road
Comploier, Pete	26-Mar	killed at Shangani, prospector
Fourie, Stephanus and his wife and their five children	02-Apr	killed at Tekwe River, farming
Gracey, Robert	End March	from Ireland, Ex BSAP & prospector killed with his coloured wife, whose name is omitted from the Memorial, perhaps a sign of the times. His name is almost indecipherable.
Grant, James	End March	killed at Shangani
Hammond, Andrew Robert	30-Mar	Engineers, killed together with Johnson, WH and Palmer, HN, his name is almost indecipherable on the Pongo Memorial
Hurlstone, Frederick	End March	killed at Pongo River Hotel and store
Jensen, Charles	30-Mar	killed at Shangani, Swedish
Johnson, WH	30-Mar	Engineers, killed together with Hammond, AR and Palmer, HN
Keefe, Charles	End March	killed at Shangani, together with his brother Keefe, C and Webster, RW
Keefe, Christopher	End March	killed at Shangani, together with his brother Keefe, C and Webster, RW
Mathews, Benjamin	30-Mar	Jewish from Melbourne, killed at Shangani with Van der Doorten
McCabe, William	End March	killed at Shangani, was ex 6th Inniskilling Dragoons, listed as Jock Thomas in the BSA Company reports, partner of George Taylor
Moonie, T		His name is on the Memorial, but he was not listed as killed in BSAP Company report. His name on the Memorial has a line cut through it, apparently by him some years later
O’Reilley, Thomas	End March	killed at Shangani on Leechdale Co.’s property
Palmer, HN	30-Mar	Engineers, killed together with Johnson, WH and Hammond, AR
Radford, Alfred	End March	killed at Shangani, partner of Frank Leech
Raynor, Ben	11-Sep	killed at Shangani, private in The York and Lancaster Regt.
Redington, Reginald	End March	killed at Pongo River, assistant in Hurlstone's store
Ross, Joseph and his wife	02-Apr	killed at Tekwe River, farming
Rowe, Frank R	30-Mar	killed at Shangani, Miner from St Austell
Summerville, George	29-Sep	Died from pneumonia, Shangani, Trooper, F Troop BSA Company Police
Talman, Francis S.	End March	killed at Hurlstone's store on Pongo River, listed as Frank in the BSA Company reports
Taylor, George	End March	killed at Shangani, formerly in the Royal Navy, real name George John Zeall, partner of William McCabe
Van der Doorten	30-Mar	Jewish from Holland, killed at Shangani with Mathews
Vaughn, Thomas	25-Mar	killed at Pongo River
Webster, RW	End March	killed at Shangani, together with the Keefe brothers
West, Cyril	End March	killed at Inyati with Bolton, R.W who is not listed on the Pongo Memorial site, but is listed as killed in the BSA Company reports
Wienand	End March	killed at Shangani, Cattle inspector
Wren	25-Mar	killed at Shangani, Cattle inspector
Zeeburg, H	26-Mar	killed at Pongo River, trader

Filabusi Memorial - National Monument No. 56

GPS reference for the old Filabusi Memorial: 20⁰29′57.61″S 29⁰17′39.47″E now removed to the Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe at Bulawayo

The Memorial site is located 28.5 kilometres from the A9 turnoff to Filabusi from Mbalabala on Annedale Farm on which the Filabusi Memorial site, Edkins store and Filabusi old cemetery are located. This historic site remembers some of the earliest European killings of the Matabele Rebellion, or Umvukela of 1896 which occurred on Monday 23 and Tuesday 24 March 1896. Arthur Bentley, the Assistant Native Commissioner was found at his desk on Monday 23 March with a half-written letter.

His killing and those at Edkins Store must have occurred in a coordinated way as there is no evidence that the other victims heard Bentley being killed or were in anyway prepared for the attack on them. There is some doubt about the actual date individual victims were killed, but Albert Baragwanath only left Bulawayo on Sunday evening the 22 March ‘after dinner to ride his rather decrepit horse back in the cool of the night to his store’ and was one of the victims.

Harry Cumming’s from Insiza reached Bulawayo on Tuesday 24 March in the morning; Arthur Cumming and Lucas from Filabusi reached Bulawayo on Wednesday 25 March at 2am with the news. The fact that both have the surname of Cumming has caused much confusion!

Joseph O’Connor was the only survivor of the killings and his account was initially taken as fact; subsequent research has proved that at least some of his story was false.

The story told locally is that the Filabusi Memorial was pushed over by artisanal gold miners’ resident in the area who believed that a pot of gold had been buried beneath the base.

Names on the Filabusi Memorial
Names	Date of Death	Details
Anderson, Alexander	25-Mar	Mbalabala, at Ringstead Mine
Ayerst, Alfred B.	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Jeffries, Koch and Elhert
Baragwanath, John Albert	24-Mar	Filabusi, Edkins Store
Bentley, Arthur G.	24-Mar	Filabusi Police Camp, Assistant Native Commissioner
Carpenter, John Loram	24-Mar	Filabusi, Edkins Store
Cato, Colin	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Seward at "Ancient's Reef" Mine
Classen, Henry	26-Mar	Esigodini, on his farm
Crawley, Alaine M.	24-Mar	Filabusi store, working with J. Schultz
Cumming, Percy H.	24-Mar	Filabusi, Edkins Store
Daly, John or James	24-Mar	Filabusi store
Eaglestone, Percy Charles	end Mar	Esigodini at Red Rose Mine
Edkins, Ebenezer Crouch	24-Mar	Filabusi, Edkins Store
Elhert, Ferdinand	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Ayerst, Jeffries and Koch
Forster, Wilson	25-Mar	Esigodini prospector at Edendale claims
Gibson, James	24-Mar	Filabusi
Grant, John McLeod	24-Mar	Filabusi Hotel, killed with Nimmo
Grant, John McInnes	25-Mar	Esigodini, killed with Sharp on Essexvale Ranch
Greenhough, John	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Whawell and Reddan
Ievers or Ivers, Colin Campbell	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Ottens at Celtic Reef Mine
Jeffries, J.	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Ayerst, Koch and Elhert
Johnston	24-Mar	Filabusi
Koch	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Ayerst, Jeffries and Elhert
Lewis, Arthur B.	24-Mar	Filabusi
Luckcass, Herbert	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed at O'Maker's wagon
Matthaei or Mathey, Ernest	24-Mar	Filabusi Store, killed with A. Woods
McDonald or MacDonald, Colin	25-Mar	Filabusi, ['96 Reports says killed with Classen?]
Nimmo, Walter	24-Mar	Filabusi Hotel, killed with John Mcleod Grant
O'Connor, John	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with White
Ottens, Wilhelm O.	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Ievers at Celtic Reef Mine
Reddan, Valentine	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Greenhough and Whawell
Seward, George Ernest	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Cato at "Ancient's Reef" Mine
Sharp, Robert	25-Mar	Esigodini, killed with John McInnes Grant on Essexvale Ranch
Whawell, Fred	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with Greenhough and Reddan
White, Edward	24-Mar	Filabusi, killed with John O'Connor
Woods, Arthur W.P.	24-Mar	Filabusi Store, killed with E. Mathey

Mambo Memorial – National Monument No. 57

GPS reference: 19°30´41"S 29°01´12"E

Contemporary accounts say the West brothers fought a splendid but hopeless, defence of their store at the southwest corner of the Mambo Hills and kept the amaNdebele at bay for ten long hours before being killed about 26 March 1896.

However, this is contradicted by the statements and the oral evidence collected by Foster Windram in 1936 – 1938 when, as a reporter at the Bulawayo Chronicle, he interviewed the only amaNdebele participant in the West killings who was not executed, Nganganyoni, and confirmed that the West brothers were in fact, like most victims in Matabeleland, surprised and killed without resistance.

For a number of versions of the reasons behind the uprising and the methods by which it was carried out, refer to the article on the oral statements made to Foster Windram listed under Matabeleland North on the website www.zimfieldguide.com

Fort Rixon (Claremont Mine / Cunningham) Memorial – National Monument No. 58

GPS reference: 20⁰09′01.51″S 29⁰19′56.18″E

The Memorial is located nineteen kilometres south east of Fort Rixon and six kilometres south west of Zinjanja Monument; it is on the right-hand side of a track forty metres from the road and almost obscured by thick thorn – ask for final directions locally.

The Memorial in the shape of an obelisk with the names of thirteen civilians on the north side panel and three military casualties on the south side panel is barely visible from a few metres away and stands hidden and forgotten in this remote place far away from any towns and the nearest village of Fort Rixon. Those whose deaths it commemorates are long forgotten; the Cunningham family suffered nine fatalities. Although the local people may not sympathise with the Memorial, their respect for the dead has meant that it has remained in as good condition today as when it was erected.

On the evening of Monday 23 March 1896 at the Nellie Reef Mine at Insiza Thomas Maddocks was sitting at sunset and smoking with Hocking and Hosking when they were attacked by a group of fifteen amaNdebele with knobkerries and axes; Maddocks was killed, but the other two managed to escape to Harry Cumming’s store five kilometres away, at that time no one knew that nine members of the Cunningham family were already dead.

Names on the Fort Rixon Memorial
Names	Date of Death	Details
Civilian
James Cunningham and wife Sarah, their four children and three grandchildren	23 March 1896	Farming near Cummings store
Thomas Maddocks	23 March 1896	Nellie Reef Mine
Dr Thomas Langford and his wife Laura	24 March 1896	Bodies found on Rixon's farm
C.J. Leman	24 March 1896	Found with Dr Langford
Military
John O'Leary	27 March 1896	Sergt MMP
Arthur Parker	22 May 1896	Trooper BFF
George Rootman	22 May 1896	Trooper BFF

When the killings at the Cunningham farm were discovered it was also reported that all the surrounding amaNdebele villages and kraals lay deserted, leading to the assumption that again it was natives of the immediate vicinity who had been responsible for the killings. ‘From the Umzingwane,’ Selous wrote, ‘the flame of rebellion spread through the Filabusi and Insiza districts, to the Tchangani (Shangani) and Inyati, and thence to the mining camps in the neighbourhood of the Gwelo and Ingwenia rivers, and indeed throughout the country wherever white men, women, and children could be taken by surprise and murdered either singly or in small parties ; and so quickly was this cruel work accomplished, that although it was only on 23rd March that the first Europeans were murdered, there is reason to believe that by the evening of the 30th, not a white man was left alive in the outlying districts of Matabeleland.’

Fort Umlugulu Memorial - National Monument No. 71

GPS reference for the cemetery: 20⁰24′40.59″S 28⁰53′07.94″E

GPS reference for Fort Umlugulu: 20⁰24′38.49″S 28⁰52′52.78″E

For Fort Umlugulu continue straight on past Esibomvu Clinic (ignore the Diana’s Pool Road) another 180 metres and turn left at Patsy Store (opposite Hanyana Store on the other side of the road) and continue south towards the Matobo hills. At 400 metres turn right and follow the track west past houses and a modern cemetery on the left. At 950 metres follow the dogleg left, at 2.1 kilometres cross the stream and park on the left immediately afterwards. Fort Umlugulu is 300 metres south east of this point and the Memorial is at the cemetery, which is 440 metres east of Fort Umlugulu and just south of the dam wall and was erected by the Rhodesia Memorial Fund from the same red sandstone and has the same decorative features as the above four Memorials. It is not however mentioned by C.K. Cooke, although he was then Director of the Historical Monuments Commission.

The cemetery nearby has the graves of the men of the Matabeleland Relief Force, the Bulawayo Field Force and the Matabeleland Mounted Police who were killed in skirmishes in the nearby Matobo Hills. After the battle at the Mambo Hills, or Thabas zika Mambo, ninety kilometres north east of Bulawayo, the rebellion or Umvukela, shifted strategically from an offensive to a defensive situation. Mtini, Umlugulu, Sikombo and Banyaan / Dhliso’s men moved to the more easily defensible and relative safety of the Matobo Hills south of Bulawayo.

The Matobo are a rugged mountainous and thickly wooded area about eighty kilometres long and forty kilometres deep, situated south of Bulawayo where there was plenty of water and grain could be hidden in grain bins deep within caves which were hard to find. The rocky kopjes were ideal for sniping from and many of the African Police had deserted with their Martini-Henry rifles and were trained shots. The 1893 War had also taught them the futility of attacking fixed positions such as the laagers at Shangani and Bembezi and they had felt the deadly killing power of the Maxim guns. In addition, they soon realised that horses were a liability in the rocky jumble of the Matobo, another advantage which could be denied the European soldiers and local volunteers.

A series of engagements took place on 25 July at Inugu led by Capt. Nicholson and 30 July at Tshingengoma, and the severest engagement on 5 August at Sikombo’s stronghold when the Matabeleland Relief Force suffered its worst casualties.

Names on the Fort Umlugulu Memorial
Name	Date of Death	Details
Greer, Stuart George	10 April 1896	Gwanda Patrol
Packe, Christopher J.	10 April 1896	Gwanda Patrol
Bennett, Peter Tpr.	20 July 1896	Inugu (T-Laing)
Bush, William H. Tpr.	20 July 1896	Inugu (T-Laing)
Hall, John Cpl.	20 July 1896	Inugu (T-Laing)
Bern, William Tpr.	27 July 1896	Inugu (Nicholson)
Cheves, Laurence Tpr.	27 July 1896	Inugu (Nicholson)
Little, Edward R. Tpr.	3 August 1896	Spargo store
Ainslie, Alexander Battery Sgt-Maj.	5 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Gibb, William, Sgt	5 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Innes-Ker Archibald Sgt	5 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Kershaw, Frederick E. Maj.	5 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
McCloskie, Oswald D. Sgt	5 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Hervey, Hubert J.A. Lt.	6 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Holmes, Alfred J.E. Tpr.	9 August 1896	Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Parr, Harry A. Tpr.	17 August 1896	Inseza camp

Other Memorials that were not erected by the Rhodesia Memorial Fund

The following are not National Monuments; but they are listed because they serve the same purpose, have the same obelisk design as the above Memorials, and were erected to honour those Europeans killed in 1896-1897.

Gwelo (now Gweru) Memorial

GPS reference: 19⁰27′37.82″S 29⁰48′55.55″E

The Memorial is situated at the entrance to the Zimbabwe Military Museum, Lobengula Avenue, Gweru. This Gweru Memorial was set up by the Pioneer Memorial Fund; this is not carved into the memorial but does appear on the east facing metal plate beneath; however, I have been unable to trace any further information about this Fund. The Memorial is made from the same red sandstone as the four above, with an obelisk set upon a plinth upon which the names being commemorated are carved.

Names on the Gweru Memorial
Names	Date of Death	Details
Military
Arnold, James Carlisle	01 August 1896	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of jaundice
Clarke, William Herbert "Nobby"	05 June 1896	Gwelo Field Force, no details given
Hayes, Dan Joseph	29 July 1896	Cpl in the Gwelo Field Force, KIA on Hurrell's Patrol at Sinanko kopje
Keirchbaum, George	07 August 1896	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever
Longton, Frank L	2 June 1896	Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever, also known as Frank Leighton
Mathieson, Robertson Balfour	21 July 1896	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, KIA on Hurrell's Patrol in the Bezwy Hills
McLean, Malcolm Robert	06 June 1896	Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever
McVean, Archibald	28 April 1896	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever
O'Farrell, J.P.	22 April 1896	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of pneumonia
Selous, Edric Nugent	9 May 1896	Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever
Soman, Edward	12 September 1896	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of pneumonia
Storey, Charles Frederick	04 June 1896	Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever
Talbot, Frederick Walter	11 September 1896	Cpl in C Troop of the BSAP, KIA at Uwini's Camp
Civilians
Anderson, Jocelyn Hepburn	end March 1896	Sebakwe, on his way to Mafungabusi, engineer
Barr, Robert A.		not listed in the '96 Rebellions
Bowen, James	30 March 1896	Maven, killed with Van Blerk at Hammond's Mines
Bowker, Fred J.	30 March 1896	Lower Gwelo, sent to warn civilians, Tpr. In M.M.P.
Barnard, Harry Edgar	25 March 1896	Umvunga, partner at Umvunga Store with West Bros.
Clark, W.E.	end March 1896	Maven, body found by Gwelo Patrol.
Durden, Charles John	25 March 1896	Ingwenya, killed with surveyor Fitzpatrick
Dixon, W.C.B.		not listed in the '96 Rebellions
Dufva, Wilhelm	30 March 1896	Shangani, listed in '96 Rebellions as Dupua
Edgell, Edward Ramsay	end March 1896	travelling from Gwelo to Hartley Hills, formerly (1895) Sub Commissioner BSA Police, Fort Tuli
Fitzpatrick, T	25 March 1896	Ingwenya, killed with Durden, surveyor
Farrar	end March 1896	Lower Gwelo, prospecting with companion, name unknown
Grenfell, Pascoe St. Leger	end March 1896	Ingwenya, Manager Murray-Gourlay Co.
Harbord, Horace M.	end March 1896	Ingwenya Store, old Hunters Road to Hartley Hills
Hartley, Joseph	end March 1896	Maven, killed with J. Stobie, both working for G.R. Lennock
Ireland	end March 1896	Ingwenya, body found with Harbord's.
Kerrigan, Frank		not listed in the '96 Rebellions
Lennock, George R.	end March 1896	Maven
Lee, Albert J.	end March 1896	Umniati, sailmaker
Milford, William B.	end March 1896	Gwelo
McCormick, William	end March 1896	Ingwenya Store, working for H.B. Taylor. Name spelt MᶜCormack in '96 Rebellions
Stanley, Frank Harrison	end March 1896	Sebakwe
Stobie, James	25 March 1896	Maven, killed with J. Hartley, both working for G.R. Lennock
Sneddon	end March 1896	Maven, sick with fever at the time
Van Blerk, Richard B.	30 March 1896	Maven, killed with J. Bowen at Hammond's Mines
Whylie, David	end March 1896	Gwelo, working for Warwick & Celliers, spelled Wyllie in the '96 Rebellions
White, Robert	end March 1896	Inyati, travelling to Bubi, an American

Inyati (now Inyathi) Memorial

GPS reference: 19⁰40′30.14″S 28⁰52′07.55″E

The Memorial is reached by taking the road running east out of Inyathi town; nine hundred metres after crossing the Ingwingwisi River turn left into Inyathi Mission, travel four hundred metres and the small cemetery should be visible on the left set back one hundred metres from the road.

One of the early patrols from Bulawayo made up of Captain Pittendrigh with ten members of the Afrikander Corps had left Bulawayo on Saturday 28 March 1896 to reinforce a small party at Jenkin’s store and then to relieve Assistant Native Commissioner Graham and Sub-Inspector Hanley and five other men at Inyati Mission. The small patrol fought a series of running battles with the amaNdebele who numbered in their hundreds and only escaped on a number of occasions because they were mounted on horseback. At Campbell’s Store they learnt from a miner named Patrick Madden that those at Inyati had been attacked on 26 March 1896 and all killed, except for Madden and another miner named Tim Donovan and a colonial native; although Donovan was killed during the escape.

The resident missionary in the turbulent times of 1893 and 1896 was Reverend Bowen Rees, isitsha senkosi, who served at Inyati Mission from 1888 to 1918 and was spared certain death because he had left Inyati Mission with his wife and children on the 26 March for Bulawayo; their two houses and the Church were all burnt down.

Selous reports in Sunshine and Storm in Rhodesia that the bodies of ANC Graham and his companions Case, Corke, Handley and Hurford were found about a mile from the Inyati police camp on the road to Bulawayo with two servants; they had clearly put up a fight as eighty-five cartridge cases were picked up.

Inyati Memorial has the same obelisk shape, but appears to be made of a concrete material, without naming who constructed it and only some of the victims are named.

Names
Bolton, R. W	end March 1896	Killed with Cyril West (Williams Exploration Co)
Case, George	26 March 1896	Killed with Handley, Asst NC Graham, Hurford & Corke, ex MMP
Corke, Leighton Huntley	26 March 1896	Killed with Handley, Asst NC Graham, Hurford & Case, ex MMP
Daly, James M	25 March 1896	Killed at Bubi managing Glen's farms, sick at the time
Doveton, W. T	25 March 1896	Killed between Nduba and Elebeni
Graham A.N. Asst Native Commissioner	26 March 1896	Killed with Handley, Hurford, Case & Corke
Handley, Mark Sub-Inspector MMP	26 March 1896	Killed with Graham, Hurford, Case & Corke
Hurford, George	26 March 1896	Killed with Graham, Handley, Case & Corke, ex MMP
McKeough, Harry	25 March 1896	Killed at Bembesi, Reports calls him McHeugh
Tyass, George	25 March 1896	Killed at Bembesi, sent with medicine to JM Daly

Mashonaland 1896 – 1897 Rebellion or First Chimurenga Memorials

There is no equivalent of the Matabeleland Memorials in Mashonaland; perhaps because the victims were killed as they travelled on the road to Umtali, now Mutare or on isolated farms and mining claims and at more scattered locations than in Matabeleland.

There were a few cases of groups of victims in Mashonaland; the Norton family and their staff and those at the siege of the Alice Mine at Mazoe (now Mazowe) The Norton family victims were buried together where the Morton Jaffray water treatment plant is situated today.

In order to highlight the surprise that was caused in Mashonaland by the killings I have quoted a passage from J.A. Cope-Christie’s article in Heritage Publication No 6 of 1986 in which he says: “The news of the Norton murders was brought into Salisbury by a young fellow named Talbot, a farming pupil of Norton, on the night of 17 June 1896. I met Talbot looking a complete wreck. He told me that Norton, not liking the attitude of his farm boys, had sent him to Salisbury in the morning on his bicycle with a letter to the Police asking for advice and assistance. The distance being about forty kilometres, the Police immediately sent off a mounted trooper with Talbot to the farm. In their arrival they found nobody about, the place looted and bloodstains everywhere. Eventually they traced the mutilated bodies of the nurse and baby to the long grass. The trooper and Talbot cleared back to Salisbury as fast as they could. It was just the moment of Talbot’s arrival that I met him, thoroughly exhausted. He had travelled about one hundred and twenty kilometres during the day – practically all on bush paths – a wonderful performance on a bicycle. After a little rest and refreshment, I took him to the Administrator, Judge Vincent, and reported the murders. The Judge was very upset with the news; next day, 18 June 1896, we were all ordered into the laager and martial law proclaimed.”

In another example of the bombshell news H.D. Zimmerman (who later changed his name to Rawson) wrote: “Early in June of that year a man called Stunt came to the store to buy goods for a prospecting trip out Hartley way, and as we had some boys who had been sinking a well for us, whose time was not up, we let Stunt have them to help carry his kit. On opening the store at about 6 am on June 16, I found, to my great surprise, that two of the boys who had gone with Stunt were standing there, and one was wounded. They told me that Stunt had been killed by natives close to Mashongombi's [Mashayamombe] kraal in the Hartley District. I took the boys up to Mr. Mark Lingard, who was acting Chief Native Commissioner at that time. This was the first murder to be reported; during the day several other murders were heard of, and towards evening the news came in of the terrible massacre of the Norton family.”

The same day Van Rooyen and Fourie, two traders and transport-riders, were killed just twenty kilometres from Salisbury, now Harare.

The Alice Mine graves

Randolph Nesbitt, being the only soldier, was awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry in leading the Mazoe Patrol; the George Cross, which the civilians would have been eligible for, was only awarded from 1940. In view of the acts of heroism displayed, it is remarkable that so little is known about the fate of those killed in the action.

Dr Howland in his article states that in August 1896 the Reverend Douglas Pelly found and buried the bodies of John Leonard Blakiston and T. G. Routledge. In November 1929, Mr J.R. Jarvis wrote a letter to the Rhodesia Herald stating: “I was one of the garrison of the fort near the Alice Mine, and I remember a funeral service which took place there. There were two or more graves, one of which, I understood, contained the remains of three men, another of the remains of such rescuers that were killed as could be found. A considerable time elapsed between their deaths and when their bones were found, as they were only found after the grass, which was very tall, was burnt off. These graves are situated near the bottom of the hill on which the fort was built, below the south west corner of the fort.”

In the same month, November 1929, Alfred Drew wrote to the Herald: “Your leader reads as though the two heroes were buried at Mazoe, but I should like to say that while at Mazoe as Native Commissioner – I transferred there about ten years after the rebellion [i.e. 1906] I tried to find out where they were buried but was always told that their bodies were never found.”

The souvenir brochure of a visit by the Rhodesiana Society in June 1971 on the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Mazoe Patrol states that the remains of Blakiston, Routledge and the others were collected and buried at Fort Mazoe and states: ‘The site of the fort and of the graves passed from local knowledge until they were identified in 1968. It is not certain that the graves still contain the remains of those buried there in 1896, as it is possible that they were removed to and re-buried in Salisbury, but of this there is no record.’

R. Trevor Jones in a 1962 article in the Central African Journal of Medicine states that six months after the Alice Mine was abandoned the remains of the Europeans were recovered and buried near the Mine [i.e. in the graveyard below Mazoe Fort] The Mashona had previously buried all their dead near the present Mazowe Police Station.

E.E. Burke in an article in Rhodesiana Publication No 25 states that the Rev. D.R. Pelly, an Anglican accompanied the column that built Fort Mazoe as Chaplain. In a letter dated 15 August 1896 he wrote to his parents: “I forgot to say that yesterday Friday the 14th, in the evening I buried Routledge and Blakiston.” On the 17th he describes a day of fort building and writes: “and at night I buried four more men killed in this district. The grass has now burnt and the bodies have been easily seen. I believe all but two are buried.” He returned with the column to Salisbury on the 18th writing: “We started away early and got to the Salvation Army farm for breakfast picking up on the way the body of another murdered man, whom I buried before we went on.”

The last remains buried by Rev. Pelly must have been Lieutenant Christian McGeer who was subsequently reinterred from near the Salvation Army farm and buried by the Rev. H.H. Foster at the Pioneer Cemetery on 3 August 1897.

The same article has a report by Lieutenant Fairbairn, a survivor of the Mazoe Patrol and O.C. of the Fort Mazoe, who stated that two miles on the Mazoe side of the Salvation Army farm he: “found remains of Trooper van Staaden, collected remains and proceeded two miles further, where I found the remains of Dickinson and Cass, which were carefully collected and conveyed to Mazoe Fort for burial.” In a further report, Fairbairn found the remains of Faull which were then: “buried by the side of other bodies.”

Thus, it appears that Rev. Pelly buried in the left grave Blakiston and Routledge and in the right grave Cass, Dickenson, Jacobs and van Staden. Lieutenant Fairbairn buried Faull in the middle grave.

Fort Mazoe (National Monument No. 121) was abandoned in November 1896 after just four months occupation, when a new site was chosen at Fort Alderson (National Monument No. 155) nearly three kilometres away on a small hill which commands the Mazoe valley 700 metres from the A11 national road.

Blakiston and Routledge were honoured with a Memorial very close to the Mazowe hotel (National Monument No. 55) but which is now destroyed and which is featured in a separate article on this website on the Mazoe Patrol and a plaque in the General Post Office. Both were erected, according to E.E. Burke in Rhodesiana Publication No 25, by public subscription under a Committee chaired by E.C. White of Concession and unveiled on 19 June 1936. There was an earlier plaque in St George’s Chapel of the Anglican Cathedral erected by their “Comrades in the Rhodesian Post and Telegraph Service” but this is also now missing.

Blakiston and Routledge’s final resting place remains an enigma as knowledge of their whereabouts seems to have dropped from public memory. There have been various efforts to solve this mystery including efforts by the BSAP in 1953, the Salisbury MOTHS in 1957, and Dr R. C. Howland and Col. A. S. Hickman in the 1960’s. A search in April 1968 revealed a rectangular area below Fort Mazoe which appeared to have been prepared at some time and contained scattered stones with three pieces of flattened paraffin tin which were often used at the time as grave markers.

A letter to the Rhodesia Herald of 22 December 1968 from Mrs Hepple of Que Que (now Kwekwe) provides further confirmation of the graves as she recalls how her father, H.G. Bennet, a blacksmith at the Blenheim Mine near the Alice Mine, pointed out the graves to her: “They were quite close to a path we used to take from the mine to Mazoe and were covered with stones…I was about nine and a half years old at the time. I remember being puzzled how there could be graves without crosses.”

What is known is that many of the remains of victims in Mashonaland were exhumed from their temporary graves and reinterred at the memorial vault at the centre of the Harare Pioneer cemetery.

The Salisbury Committee of the Rhodesian Memorial Fund, which like that in Matabeleland was formed to commemorate the lives of those lost in the Mashona Rebellion, or First Chimurenga caused to be erected:

The memorial vault in the Pioneer Cemetery pictured above. The Committee book records that the intention was to place each individual’s remains in a tin container which was inscribed with the individual’s name. A ceremony was held on 30th October 1898 when between 70 – 100+ human remains of civilians killed in the Mashonaland uprising / First Chimurenga were buried in the memorial vault. No record was kept of the names on the metal boxes when they were interred, although extensive searches have been carried out subsequently by E.E. Burke at the National Archives and the old Salisbury Council and in newspaper records without result. Even the staff at the Pioneer cemetery itself were not aware there are bodies buried under the memorial vault when I spoke to them in 2016! The Rhodesia Herald of 30 October 1898 states the vault contained the remains of: “about seventy colonists” but the Mayors Minutes’ state the figure was: “over one hundred.” In 1970 the pointing on the vault was renewed and it was found that the vault continues over two metres below ground level. The cover slab was moved sufficiently to see that the vault contains metal boxes up to ground level. In writing an article on the Loyal Women’s Guild, I saw as did E.E. Burke, in their Graves Register an entry under Salisbury Cemetery stating: “No list has yet been found of those buried under the vault” to which a later note has been added: “Cass, Dickenson – Mazoe. Salvation Army says these two were buried under the vault.”
The placing of iron crosses over the graves of the victims in the Pioneer Cemetery and elsewhere. These predate the Loyal Women’s Guild (LWG) Pioneer memorial crosses by ten years and have a very distinctive shape. [There is an article on the LWG Pioneer memorial crosses on the website www.zimfieldguide.com under Harare]

Erecting a memorial in the Salisbury Gardens. However, the only surviving memorial is the obelisk to the memory of soldiers who served in WWI and WWII.

Overall Conclusions

There are differences in all the accounts of casualties arising from the Matabele and Mashona rebellions or Umvukela or First Chimurenga.

The first refers to the ’96 Reports produced by the British South Africa Company, the second refers to Baden Powell’s The Matabele Campaign being a Narrative of the Campaign in suppressing the Native Rising in Matabeleland and Mashonaland and this article has Excel tables compiled from all of these sources.

In Matabeleland most of the civilian casualties are commemorated on a Memorial; 129 of 147 or 88% have names recorded on a Memorial. I am not sure why some are excluded; it may have been an administrative oversight or something else. Examples of those omitted include:

Morrison and Rowlands both refused to leave the Queen’s Reef Mine and should be commemorated on the Fort Rixon Memorial but are not.
Why is Timothy Donavan not included on the Inyathi Memorial? – he was killed at the same time as those others commemorated.
The two transport riders Fourie and Potgieter are not included – is it because they were South African residents delivering supplies only?
Joseph Ross and his wife are commemorated on the Pongo Memorial; but Agnes Kirk his step-daughter is not?
Colas and Loutzouvelis both Greek traders and Lund a Dane are not included on Memorials; is it because of their nationality?

The remaining military memorials offer rather a mixed picture. There are military commemorations on the Gwelo, Fort Rixon, Pongo, Mambo and Umlugulu Memorials although they include only 38 of 122 casualties, a mere 31% of the total.

In Mashonaland the only two civilians recorded on Memorials are Blakiston and Routledge, although the Memorial near the Mazowe Hotel is now demolished. If indeed the remains of between 70 – 100 civilian casualties were indeed buried at the Harare Pioneer Cemetery Memorial Vault then most of the 115 civilian casualties would be accounted for.

There are no military Memorials for the 1896-7 Mashona Rebellion or First Chimurenga. I have no idea why although a committee of the Rhodesian Memorial Fund was set up in Salisbury at the time. Most casualties were buried near where they were killed. For example see the descriptions of the small cemeteries in the articles under the article Chief Chinengundu Mashayamombe’s stronghold, Fort Martin and cemetery and Fort Hill and the cemetery at Hartley Hills goldfield under Mashonaland West on the website www.zimfieldguide.com

But may were buried in remote locations and their descriptions of the gravesite are very inexact; see the article The Loyal Women’s Guild and the Pioneer Memorial Crosses under Harare on the website www.zimfieldguide.com

1896 List of casualties in Matabeleland
Civilian
Name	Date	Rank	Unit	Details	Memorial
Anderson, Alexander	25-Mar			Mbalabala, at Ringstead mine	Filabusi
Anderson, Jocelyn Hepburn	end March			Sebakwe, on his way to Mafungabusi, engineer	Gweru
Ayerst, Alfred B.	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Jeffries, Koch and Elhert	Filabusi
Baragwanath, John Albert	24-Mar			Filabusi, Edkins Store	Filabusi
Barnard, Harry Edgar	25-Mar			Partner of West brothers at Umvunga Store	Gweru
Barr, Robert A.				not listed in the '96 Rebellions	Gweru
Barr, W.A.	End March			killed at Shangani. His name is almost indecipherable on the Pongo Memorial	Pongo
Bentley, Arthur G.	24-Mar			Filabusi Police Camp, Assistant Native Commissioner	Filabusi
Bertelsen, Paul Emal, wife Hannar & 4 sons	End March			killed at Shangani, farming 12 miles north of Hartley Hills road	Pongo
Bolton, R.W	end March			Killed with Cyril West (Williams Exploration Co)	Inyathi
Bowen, James	30-Mar			Maven, killed with Van Blerk at Hammond's Mines	Gweru
Carpenter, John Loram	24-Mar			Filabusi, Edkins Store	Filabusi
Case, George	26-Mar			Killed with Handley, Asst NC Graham, Hurford & Corke, ex MMP	Inyathi
Cato, Colin	25-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Seward at "Ancient's Reef" mine	Filabusi
Clark, W.E.	end March			Maven, body found by Gwelo Patrol.	Gweru
Classen, Henry	26-Mar			Esigodini, on his farm	Filabusi
Colas, Dionysius	end March			Greek trader
Comploier, Pete	26-Mar			killed at Shangani, prospector	Pongo
Corke, Leighton Huntley	26-Mar			Killed with Handley, Asst NC Graham, Hurford & Case, ex MMP	Inyathi
Crawley, Alaine M.	24-Mar			Filabusi store, working with J. Schultz	Filabusi
Cumming, Percy H.	24-Mar			Filabusi, Edkins Store	Filabusi
Cunningham, James and wife Sarah, their four children and three grandchildren	23-Mar			Farming near Cummings store with 4 children; Henry Dadson, James Samuel, Alice, Amy and 3 grandchildren: Evelyn, William, Frank	Fort Rixon
Daly, James M	25-Mar			Killed at Bubi managing Glen's farms, sick at the time	Inyathi
Daly, John or James	24-Mar			Filabusi store	Filabusi
Davies, Harold John	02-Apr			killed near Thabas N'Couga, Bembesi
Dixon, W.C.B.				killed at Ingwenya	Gweru
Donovan, Timothy	25-Mar			Miner, killed soon after those listed on the Inyathi Memorial
Doveton, W.T	25-Mar			Killed between N'duba and Elebeni	Inyathi
Dufva, Wilhelm	30-Mar			Shangani, listed in '96 Rebellions as Dupua	Gweru
Durden, Charles John	25-Mar			Ingwenya, killed with surveyor Fitzpatrick	Gweru
Eaglestone, Percy Charles	end Mar			Esigodini at Red Rose Mine	Filabusi
Edgell, Edward Ramsay	end March			travelling from Gwelo to Hartley Hills, formerly (1895) Sub Commissioner BSA Police, Fort Tuli	Gweru
Edkins, Ebenezer Crouch	24-Mar			Storekeeper, Edkins Store, Filabusi	Filabusi
Edwards, Norman	25-Mar			killed near Inyati; surveyor of Fletcher & Espin
Elhert, Ferdinand	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Ayerst, Jeffries and Koch	Filabusi
Farrar	end March			Lower Gwelo, prospecting with companion, name unknown	Gweru
Fitzpatrick, T	25-Mar			Ingwenya, killed with Durden, surveyor	Gweru
Forster, Wilson	25-Mar			Esigodini prospector at Edendale claims	Filabusi
Fourie, Caspar Hendrick	20-Apr			Transport rider killed near Bulawayo with Potgieter
Fourie, Stephanus and his wife and their five children	02-Apr			killed at Tekwe River, farming - bodies buried by Napier's patrol	Pongo
Gibson, James	24-Mar			Filabusi	Filabusi
Gracey, Robert	End March			from Ireland, Ex BSAP & prospector killed with his coloured wife, whose name is omitted from the Memorial, perhaps a sign of the times. His name is almost indecipherable.	Pongo
Graham A.N. Asst Native Commissioner	26-Mar			Killed with Handley, Hurford, Case & Corke	Inyathi
Grant, James	End March			killed at Shangani	Pongo
Grant, John McInnes	25-Mar			Esigodini, killed with Sharp on Essexvale Ranch: known as "Piper Grant"	Filabusi
Grant, John Mcleod	24-Mar			Filabusi Hotel, killed with Nimmo	Filabusi
Greenhough, John	25-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Whawell and Reddan	Filabusi
Grenfell, Pascoe St. Leger	end March			Ingwenya, Manager Murray-Gourlay Co.	Gweru
Hammond, Andrew Robert	30-Mar			Engineers, killed together with Johnson, WH and Palmer, HN, his name is almost indecipherable on the Pongo Memorial	Pongo
Handley, Mark Sub-Inspector MMP	26-Mar			Killed with Graham, Hurford, Case & Corke	Inyathi
Harbord, Horace M.	end March			Ingwenya Store, old Hunters Road to Hartley Hills	Gweru
Hartley, Joseph	end March			Maven, killed with J. Stobie, both working for G.R. Lennock	Gweru
Holland, Walter	end March			killed near Gwaai
Hunter H.E.	end March			killed near Bembesi
Hurford, George	26-Mar			Killed with Graham, Handley, Case & Corke, ex MMP	Inyathi
Hurlstone, Frederick	End March			killed at Pongo River Hotel and store	Pongo
Ievers or Ivers, Colin Campbell	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Ottens at Celtic Reef mine	Filabusi
Ireland	end March			Ingwenya, body found with Harbord's.	Gweru
Jeffries, J.	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Ayerst, Koch and Elhert	Filabusi
Jensen, Charles	30-Mar			killed at Shangani, Swedish	Pongo
Johnson, WH	30-Mar			Engineers, killed together with Hammond, AR and Palmer, HN	Pongo
Johnston	24-Mar			Edkins store, Filabusi	Filabusi
Keefe, Charles	End March			killed at Shangani, together with his brother Keefe, C and Webster, RW	Pongo
Keefe, Christopher	End March			killed at Shangani, together with his brother Keefe, C and Webster, RW	Pongo
Kerrigan, Frank				not listed in the '96 Rebellions	Gweru
Kirk, Agnes	02-Apr			Step-daughter of J. Ross, killed at Tekwe river, body buried by Napier's Gwelo patrol
Koch	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Ayerst, Jeffries and Elhert	Filabusi
Langford, Dr Thomas and his wife Laura	24-Mar			killed on Rixon's farm with Leman, bodies buried by Napier's Gwelo patrol	Fort Rixon
Lee, Albert J.	end March			Umniati, sailmaker	Gweru
Lee, David	end March			killed near Gwaai river
Leman, C.J.	24-Mar			Found with Dr Langford, buried by Napier's Gwelo patrol	Fort Rixon
Lennock, George R.	end March			Maven	Gweru
Lewis, Arthur B.	24-Mar			Filabusi	Filabusi
Loutzouvelis, Dionysiu	end March			Greek, killed at M'swasi's kraal
Luckcass, Herbert	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed at O'Maker's wagon, others escaped	Filabusi
Lund, Severin.H.	end March			Dane known as Sengelow, killed near Gwaai river
Maddocks, Thomas	23-Mar			Nellie Reef Mine	Fort Rixon
Mathews, Benjamin	30-Mar			Jewish from Melbourne, killed at Shangani with Van der Doorten	Pongo
Matthaei or Mathey, Ernest	24-Mar			Filabusi Store, killed with A. Woods, ex MMP	Filabusi
McCabe, William	End March			killed at Shangani, was ex 6th Inniskilling Dragoons, listed as Jock Thomas in the BSA Company reports, partner of George Taylor	Pongo
MᶜCormick or McCormack, William	end March			killed at Ingwenya store, working for H.B. Taylor	Gweru
McDonald or MacDonald, Colin	25-Mar			Filabusi, ['96 Reports says killed with Classen?]	Filabusi
McKeugh, Harry	25-Mar			Killed at Bembesi, Reports calls him McHeugh	Inyathi
Milford, William B.	end March			Gwelo	Gweru
Moonie, T				His name is on the Memorial, but he was not listed as killed in BSAP Company report. His name on the Memorial has a line cut through it, apparently by him some years later	Pongo
Morrison, James E	29-Mar			killed at Queen's Reef Mine with Rowlands, warned but refused to leave
Nimmo, Walter	24-Mar			Filabusi Hotel, killed with John Mcleod Grant	Filabusi
O’Reilley, Thomas	End March			killed at Shangani on Leechdale Co.’s property	Pongo
O'Connor, John	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with White - brother Joseph O'Connor escaped	Filabusi
Oosthuisen or Ansterhauzen	end March			Farming & storekeeping, killed at West's Store	Mambo
O'Reilly, T	end March			killed at Shangani on Leechdale Co.’s property
Ottens, Wilhelm O.	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Ievers at Celtic Reef mine	Filabusi
Palmer, HN	30-Mar			Engineers, killed together with Johnson, WH and Hammond, AR	Pongo
Potgieter, Derk Rainer	20-Apr			Transport rider killed near Matabele Wilson's store with Caspar H. Fourie
Radford, Alfred	End March			killed at Shangani, partner of Frank Leech	Pongo
Reddan, Valentine	24-Mar			Edkins store, Filabusi, killed with Greenhough and Whawell	Filabusi
Redington, Reginald	End March			killed at Pongo River, assistant in Hurlstone's store	Pongo
Ross, Joseph and his wife	02-Apr			killed at Tekwe River, farming	Pongo
Rowe, Frank R	30-Mar			killed at Shangani, miner from St Austell	Pongo
Rowlands, John James	29-Mar			killed at Queen's Reef Mine with Morrison, warned but refused to leave
Seward, George Ernest	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Cato at "Ancient's Reef" mine	Filabusi
Sharpe, Robert	25-Mar			Esigodini, killed with John McInnes Grant on Essexvale Ranch	Filabusi
Sneddon	end March			Maven, sick with fever at the time	Gweru
Stanley, Frank Harrison	end March			Sebakwe	Gweru
Stobie, James	25-Mar			Maven, killed with J. Hartley, both working for G.R. Lennock	Gweru
Talman, Francis S.	End March			killed at Hurlstone's store on Pongo River, listed as Frank in the BSA Company reports	Pongo
Taylor, George	End March			killed at Shangani, formerly in the Royal Navy, real name George John Zeall, partner of William McCabe	Pongo
Tyass, George	25-Mar			Killed at Bembesi, sent with medicine to JM Daly	Inyathi
Van Blerk, Richard B.	30-Mar			Maven, killed with J. Bowen at Hammond's Mines	Gweru
Van der Doorten	30-Mar			Jewish from Holland, killed at Shangani, with Mathews	Pongo
Vaughn, Thomas	25-Mar			killed at Pongo River	Pongo
Vavaseur, Robert	June			killed at Stonybrook, Intaba 'Nsimbi
Walsh, William	end March			killed at Maven, body found by Gwelo patrol
Webster, RW	End March			killed at Shangani, together with the Keefe brothers	Pongo
West, Cyril	End March			killed at Inyati with Bolton, R.W who is not listed on the Pongo Memorial site, but is listed as killed in the BSA Company reports	Pongo
West, Walter Henry Grimes	end March			Farming & storekeeping, killed at West's Store	Mambo
West, William Edward Milnes	end March			Farming & storekeeping, killed at West's Store	Mambo
Whawell, Fred	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with Greenhough and Reddan	Filabusi
White, Edward	24-Mar			Filabusi, killed with John O'Connor	Filabusi
White, Robert	end March			Inyati, travelling to Bubi, an American	Gweru
Whylie, David	end March			Gwelo, working for Warwick & Celliers, spelled Wyllie in the '96 Rebellions	Gweru
Wienand	End March			killed at Shangani, Cattle inspector	Pongo
Woods, Arthur W.P.	24-Mar			Filabusi Store, killed with E. Mathey	Filabusi
Wren	25-Mar			killed at Shangani, Cattle inspector	Pongo
Wright, James	end March			Bookkeeper at Campbell's stores, killed at Bembezi
Zeeburg, H	26-Mar			killed at Pongo River, trader	Pongo

Military
Name	Date	Rank	Unit	Details	Memorial
Ainslie, Alexander	05-Aug	Battery Sgt-Maj	MMP	KIA, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
Allan, Harry	16-Oct	Tpr		Died at Bulawayo Hospital, enteric fever
Anderson, August	06-Jun	Tpr		Died of wounds, Shiloh patrol
Appleyard, Edward	25-Apr	Tpr	Dawson's Scouts	Died of wounds, Macfarlane's patrol
Arnold, James Carlisle	01-Aug	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of jaundice	Gweru
Bajer, Richard Arthur	10-Apr	Tpr	Afrik Corps	KIA, Gwanda Patrol
Barnes, C Watson	14-Nov	L/Cpl	D Sqdn 7th Hussars	Died at Enkeldoorn, fever
Baxter, Frank, Wm	22-Apr	Tpr	Greys Scouts	KIA, Bisset's patrol
Beatty-Pownall, W.C.	02-May	Tpr	BeFF	Died of wounds
Bennett, Peter	20-Jul	Tpr	E Troop MMP	KIA, Inugu (T-Laing)
Bergqvist, Robert	26-Apr	Tpr	BeFF	Died of fever at Belingwe
Bern, William	27-Jul	Tpr	E Troop MMP	Died of wounds, Inugu (Nicholson)	Umlugulu
Bivand, Herbert George	September	Tpr	Giffords Horse	Died of wounds, Momomogola's kraal on Gweru patrol
Bowker, Fred J.	30-Mar	Tpr	MMP	Lower Gwelo, sent to warn civilians	Gweru
Boyes, George Walter	10-Apr	Tpr	Afrik Corps	KIA, Macfarlanes's patrol
Bruce, Harry	04-Aug	Cpl	BFF	died at Bulwayo Hospital, malaria
Bush, William H.	20-Jul	Tpr	E Troop MMP	KIA, Inugu (T-Laing)	Umlugulu
Cabespine, Frederick Victor	12-Jun	Tpr	MRF	died at Hope Fountain Mission, fever
Celliers, John	15-May	Tpr	Afrik Corps	Died of wounds, Shiloh patrol
Cheves, Laurence	27-Jul	Tpr	E Troop MMP	Died of wounds, Inugu (Nicholson)	Umlugulu
Clarke, William Herbert "Nobby"	05-Jun	Tpr	GFF	Died at Gwelo Hospital, fever	Gweru
Cooper, William Yardley	07-Oct	Clerk	BSACP	died from injuries in dynamite explosion
Corney, George	19-Sep	Tpr	D Sqn 7th Hussars	died of typhoid in the Shangani area
Davey, Cecil	27-Aug	Tpr	Giffords Horse	Died of wounds, Spreckley patrol
Davidson, George Johnston	06-Aug	Sgt-Major	MMP	died at Bulawayo Hospital, pneumonia
Downes, Bertram William	02-Oct	Tpr	BSACP	died at Bulawayo, dynamite explosion
Ferreira, Stephen	18-Jun	Tpr	Afrik Corps	died at Bulawayo Hospital, gun accident
Fitchett, Tylden	24-Aug	Tpr		Mangwe Fort, fever
Forbes, J. McAinsh	10-Apr	Tpr	C Troop BFF	KIA, Gwanda Patrol
Froud, Absolom	Nov	Cpl	Medical Corps	died at Belingwe, dysentery
Gibb, William	05-Aug	Sgt	D Sqdn MRF	KIA, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
Gibson, F.D	26-Jun	Tpr	M Troop BFF	died on Macfarlane's patrol, dysentery
Gordon, Charles	25-Apr	Tpr	F Troop BFF	KIA, Macfarlane's patrol
Greer, Stuart George	10-Apr	Tpr	C Troop BFF	KIA, Gwanda Patrol	Umlugulu
Hall, John	20-Jul	Cpl	BeFF	KIA, Inugu (T-Laing)	Umlugulu
Harper, Jon Francis	05-Oct	Tpr	1 Troop MRF	died at Malema Camp
Hay, Carrick	25-Apr	Tpr	Coope's Scouts	KIA, Plumer's patrol
Hayes, Dan Joseph	29-Jul	Cpl	GFF	KIA on Hurrell's Patrol at Sinanko kopje	Gweru
Hayes, Edward	30-Jul	Tpr	B Troop MRF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, peritonitis
Heineman, J.J.	10-Apr	Tpr	Afrik Corps	KIA, Vedette duty
Herbert, Percy Wilber	15-Nov	Tpr		died at Bulawayo Hospital, dysentery
Hervey, Hubert J.A.	06-Aug	Lt	MRF	Died of wounds, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
Hevron, Edward	25-Jun	Tpr	C Troop MRF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, dysentery
Heyland, Edward	10-Apr	Tpr	C Troop BFF	KIA, Gwanda Patrol
Hill John H	06-Jul	Tpr	A Squad MRF	died of wounds, buried at West's Store	Mambo
Hiscock, Charles	25-May	Tpr	Afrik Corps	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, jaundice
Hoffman, Alfred	14-Sep	Tpr	BFF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, dysentery
Holmes, Alfred J.Evelyn	09-Aug	Tpr	D Sqdn MRF	Died of wounds, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
Innes-Ker Archibald	05-Aug	Sgt	MRF	KIA, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
Jay, Leonard	19-Oct	Tpr	A Sqn 7th Hussars	died of enteric fever at Gwelo Hospital
Keirchbaum, George	07-Aug	Tpr	GFF	Tpr in the Gwelo Field Force, died in Gwelo Hospital of fever	Gweru
Kenny, Henry Michael	23-Sep	Tpr	G Troop BFF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, pthhisis
Kerr, Archibald Innes	05-Aug	Sgt	MRF	Maxim detachment, KIA Sikombo or Tshingengoma
Kershaw, Frederick E.	05-Aug	Major	C Sqdn MRF	KIA, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
Krichbaum, George	07-Aug	Tpr	GFF	Died at Gwelo Hospital, fever
Langton Thomas Courtney	05-Jul	Tpr	E Sqdn MRF	KIA, buried where killed	Mambo
Laubcher, Stephen J.	11-Oct	Tpr	K Troop BFF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, peritonitis
Little, Edward R.	03-Aug	Tpr	A Sqdn MRF	Accidental shooting, Spargo store	Umlugulu
London, William Charles	26-May	Tpr	MMP	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, blood poisoning
Longton, Frank L	02-Jun	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of fever, also known as Frank Leighton	Gweru
Lovatt, Robert Venables	29-Apr	Tpr	Greys Scouts	Died of wounds sustained on Macfarlane's patrol
Lucas, Samuel	20-Jul	Tpr	Artillery	died at Bulawayo Hospital, Bright's disease
Lumsden, J.W.M.	10-Apr	Capt	BFF	Died of wounds sustained at Fonseca's Farm, Goffords patrol,
Mackenzie, S. Kenneth	06-Apr	Tpr	Giffords Horse	KIA, Shiloh Patrol
Mathieson, Robertson Balfour	21-Jul	Tpr	GFF	KIA on Hurrell's Patrol in the Bezwy Hills	Gweru
McCloskie, Oswald D.	05-Aug	Sgt	C Sqdn MRF	KIA, Sikombo or Tshingengoma	Umlugulu
McGeorge, Ernest	29-Oct	Tpr	A Sqn 7th Hussars	died of enteric fever at Gwelo Hospital
McLean, Malcolm Robert	06-Jun	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of fever	Gweru
McVean, Archibald	28-Apr	Tpr	BeFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of fever	Gweru
Meikle, Kenneth	July	Tpr	MRF	Mangwe Road
Montgomerie, Henry	10-Apr	Tpr	Afrik Corps	KIA, Vedette duty
Morgan, Chales Oglethorpe	23-Jul	Tpr	A Troop MMP	Died of wounds sustained at Inugu (Tyrie-Laing)
NcCuster, Michael H.	14-Oct	Tpr	BSACP	died at Bulawayo, dysentery and fever
O'Farrell, J.P.	22-Apr	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of pneumonia	Gweru
O'Leary, John	27-Mar	Sgt	MMP		Fort Rixon
O'Reilly John	05-Jul	Tpr	C Troop BFF	buried where killed	Mambo
Packe, Christopher J.	10-Apr	Tpr	C Troop BFF	KIA, Gwanda Patrol	Umlugulu
Page, George May	14-May	Tpr	D Troop, BFF	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, enteric fever
Parker, Arthur	22-May	Tpr	L Troop BFF	KIA, Napier's Gwelo patrol	Fort Rixon
Parkes, Richard Henry	05-Aug	Tpr	MRF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, malaria	Umlugulu
Parr, Harry A.	17-Aug	Tpr	E Sqdn MRF	died at Inceza Camp, Matoppos, typhoid fever
Parrett, J.		L/Cpl	A Sqn 7th Hussars	died of fever at Gwelo Hospital
Parry, Francis Charles	29-Aug	Sgt	BeFF	died at Spitzkop, Byo-Belingwe Road, enteric fever
Parsons, Bejamin	25/04	Tpr	D Troop, BFF	KIA, Vedette duty
Pope, T Jackson	22-May	Qtr-M	BeFF	Died at Belingwe, fever
Porte, Herbert	18-Oct	Tpr	7th Hussars	died at Bulawayo, fever
Porter, Joseph Kirk	03-Aug	Cpl	E Troop MMP	Died of wounds, Inugu (Nicholson)
Potter, James Thomas	22-Jul	Tpr	MMP	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, enteric fever
Power, Edmund	15-Jul	Tpr	B Troop MMP	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, enteric fever
Pringle James F	05-Jul	Cpl	A Squad MRF	buried at West's Store	Mambo
Raynor, Ben	11-Sep	Pte	Y&L Regt	killed at Shangani, private in The York and Lancaster Regt.	Pongo
Reynolds, Ernest E.	06-Apr	Cpl	Giffords Horse	KIA, Shiloh patrol
Rich, Henry	May	Tpr	MRF	Died at Macloutsie, run over by wagon
Ries, H	23-May	Tpr		Died of fever, Tuli-Victoria convoy
Rootman, George	22-May	Tpr	L Troop, BFF	KIA, Napier's Gwelo patrol	Fort Rixon
Selous, Edric Nugent	09-May	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of fever	Gweru
Shadwell, Francis Mayne	07-Sep	Major	2nd Y&L	died at Bulawayo, dysentery and fever
Shepherd, Robert	18-Nov	Cpl	D Sqdn 7th Hussars	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, fever
Slade, William George	07-Jul	Trumpeter	Giffords Horse	died at Enkeldoorn, dysentery
Smith, W.A.	04-Oct	L/Cpl	7th Hussars	Monomogola's patrol near Bonsor Mine
Soman, Edward	12-Sep	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of pneumonia	Gweru
Stock, Thomas	08-Oct	Tpr	MRF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, enteric fever
Storey, Charles Frederick	04-Jun	Tpr	GFF	died in Gwelo Hospital of fever	Gweru
Summerville, George	29-Sep	Tpr	BSACP	Died from pneumonia, Shangani	Pongo
Swift, Henry	14-Apr	Tpr	RHV	Died of wounds, Gwanda patrol
Talbot, Frederick Walter	11-Sep	Cpl	C Troop BSACP	KIA at Uwini's Camp	Gweru
Usborne C.	10-Oct	Tpr	D Sqdn 7th Hussars	died of enteric fever at Gwelo Hospital
Van Zyl, Wirnand Cornelius	10-Apr	Tpr	Afrik Corps	KIA, Vedette duty
Varnfield, Charles Munroe	06-Dec	Trumpeter	D Sqdn 7th Hussars	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, fever
Wahlen, P. John	09-Sep	Cpl	BSACP	died at Bulawayo, fell down well
Wallace, William Henry	16-Aug	Tpr	Afrik Corps	died at Bulawayo Hospital, dysentery
Walters, Mervyn	14-Oct	Tpr		died at Bulawayo Hospital, dysentery
Ward, Stanhope	22-Jul	Tpr	MMP	died at Bulawayo Hospital, malaria
Welchman, John	30-Jul	Tpr	MRF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, malaria
Whitehouse, Ernest George	25-Apr	Tpr	Ambulance Corps	KIA, Macfarlane's patrol
Whitlow, Charles Ernest	03-Jul	Tpr	C Troop BFF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, enteric fever
Willard, Frederick	07-Aug	Tpr	MRF	died at Bulawayo Hospital, pneumonia
Willard, George	10-Nov	Sqn Sgt Major	A Sqn 7th Hussars	died of enteric fever at Gwelo Hospital
Wilson, John Antoine Campbell	12-Jul	Tpr	A Sqdn MRF	died at Hope Fountain Mission, dysentery
Woest, J.D.	08-Aug	Tpr	BeFF	KIA, MAZezeteze's kraal
Worringham, Frederick Charles	20-Jul	Sgt	A Troop MMP	KIA, Babyaan's impi, Matoppos
Wright, William Ewles	06-May	Tpr	Artillery	Died at Bulawayo Hospital, fever

			Afrik Corps	Afrikander Corps
			BeFF	Belingwe Field Force
			BFF	Bulawayo Field Force
			BSACP	British South Africa Company Police
			GFF	Gwelo Field Force
			MMP	Matabeleland Mounted Police
			MRF	Matabeleland Relief Force
			RHV	Rhodesia Horse Volunteers

1896-7 List of casualties in Mashonaland
Civilian
Name	Date	Rank	Unit	Details
Alexander, James M.	17/06/1896			Farm assistant at Porta farm killed with Norton family
Angelbrecht, Michael	20/06/1896			Enkeldoorn Farmer killed at Marooma's kraal
Annesty, Charles	19/06/1896			Prospector, last seen at Chipadza's kraal heading to Mazoe
Austin, Frank	24/06/1896			Abercorn prospector, believed killed at Makombi's kraal with Hermann
Basson, Nicholas	18/06/1896			last trading at Chiduku's kraal, Headlands
Behr, Johannes P.	20/06/1896			Charter district farmers, killed 5 miles from Enkeldoorn
Behr, Michael	20/06/1896			Charter district farmers, killed 5 miles from Enkeldoorn
Bent, Francis Lee	20/06/1896			Engineer Great B Syndicate with Henckens prospecting at Mazoe river
Bester, Susarah	20/06/1896			accidentally shot at Van der Merwe's farm, Enkeldoorn
Beyer, David John	19/06/1896			killed at Native Commissioner Campbell's camp
Birkett, William	18/06/1896			killed near Salisbury Reef, body found in August
Blakiston, John Leonard	18/06/1896			Telegraphist killed returning from Mazoe telegraph office to Alice laager
Botha, Christian	20/06/1896			Charter district, killed 10 miles north of Enkeldoorn, body found
Box, Duncan	20/06/1896			killed at Eureka Mine, Lomagundi district with Ireland
Box, James	20/06/1896			killed at Eureka Mine, Lomagundi district with Ireland
Bredenbach, Harry	20/06/1896			Charter district farmer, killed 7 miles south of Enkeldoorn
Bredenbach, Jacob	20/06/1896			Charter district farmer, killed 7 miles south of Enkeldoorn
Bremner, Harry	20/06/1896			Lieut and Adjt 20th Hussars killed at White's farm, 12 miles from Marendellas
Briggs, John W	22/06/1896			Engine driver at Ayrshire Mine, killed at Menene river with Drysdale and Gambier
Briscoe, John Dixon	18/06/1896			Farmer killed on his farm 8 miles from Salisbury
Burton, George Whysall	18/06/1896			Prospector with Tom Salthouse last seen at Chipadza's kraal
Calcott, Henry Richard	18/06/1896			Salisbury district
Campbell, George Duncombe	19/06/1896			killed at Native Commissioner Campbell's camp
Care, William	21/06/1896			Miner at Ayrshire Mine, killed at Native Commissioner's camp at Lomagundi
Carrick, Edward Thomas	19/06/1896			Mining Commissioner killed travelling from Hartley Hills to Salisbury with Turner
Cass, Edward Thomas	18/06/1896			Farmer killed at Salvation Army farm, Mazoe
Charlie	25/06/1896			killed with Capt McCullum at Matatima telegraph construction camp
Crouchley, Thomas William	20/06/1896			Prospector last seen at Abercorn store with Sugar
Curtis, Thomas Heath	17/06/1896			Surveyor killed at Gutama's kraal
Dickenson, James	18/06/1896			Mining Commissioner killed near Salvation Army farm, Mazoe
Dickinson, Adam Johnstone	19/06/1896			Tailor killed near Law's store on Umtali road
Dougherty, John	31/05/1896			Miner killed at Alaska Mine, Lomagundi district
Dovenbrook, R.	20/06/1896			killed near Enterprise Mine, Salisbury district
Dryden, John	20/06/1896			last seen at Fletcher's camp, near Chipadza's kraal
Drysdale, John H	22/06/1896			Blacksmith at Ayrshire Mine killed at Menene river with Briggs and Gambier
Eaton, George St John	19/06/1896			Prospector Abercorn district killed at Chipadza's kraal
Eyre, Herbert Hedges	21/06/1896			Farmer killed on his farm at Great Dyke, body found 22 Oct
Fairweather, L.M.	17/06/1896			Nurse to Mrs Norton, killed at Porta farm, Manyame river
Faull, William	18/06/1896			Bricklayer killed near Salvation Army farm whilst escaping from Mazoe
Fletcher, John	21/06/1896			killed at Abercorn store attempting to parley during siege
Fourie, Benjamin John	16/06/1896			Trader killed at William's kraal on Hartley Road
Fraser	21/06/1896			Abercorn district
Fuller, George L.	20/06/1896			killed at Jinganga's kraal, Charter district
Gambier, J. Cecil	22/06/1896			Assayer and surveyor at Ayrshire Mine killed on Menene river with Drysdale and Briggs
Gibson, Thomas James	20/06/1896			Carpenter and prospector, Abercorn district
Graham, Harry	19/06/1896			Storekeeper at Graham and White store, Umtali road
Grant, Henry James	18/06/1896			Farmer killed at Altona farm, Charter district
Gravenor, Harry	17/06/1896			Farm assistant killed at Porta farm, Manyame river
Gray, Harry	19/06/1896			Miner killed at Gloucester Reef and body thrown down shaft
Greyling, Amelius	20/06/1896			Farmer Charter district
Harry, Ernest Walby	21/06/1896			killed at Quadrada's kraal in Abercorn district
Harvey, John Lawrence	20/06/1896			Salisbury district
Heine, Corlina Martina	20/06/1896			killed 20 miles from Charter, bodies recovered 14-15/07/1896
Heine, Frederick	20/06/1896			killed 20 miles from Charter, bodies recovered 14-15/07/1896
Heine, Mary	20/06/1896			killed 20 miles from Charter, bodies recovered 14-15/07/1896
Heine, Thomas	20/06/1896			killed 20 miles from Charter, bodies recovered 14-15/07/1896
Henckens, Anton Herbert	20/06/1896			Great B Syndicate with Bent prospecting at Mazoe river
Hepworth, John Charles	17/06/1896			Mine manager Rennie Tailyour concession killed at Wallace's farm
Hermann, Louis	21/06/1896			Prospector from Abercorn killed at Makombi's kraal with Austin
Hitchman, Henry Arthur	20/06/1896			Trader killed at Nedziwi's kraal 5 miles from Headlands with Metcalf, Richards
Hodgson, Alfred	21/06/1896			Manager Deary's store killed in Lomagundi district
Ireland, George	21/06/1896			Prospector killed at Eureka Mine, Lomagundi district with Box brothers
Jameson, Arthur John	21/06/1896			killed at Mining Commissioners camp, Lomagundi
Joubert, J	21/06/1896			Salisbury district
Kerr	20/06/1896			Prospector killed in Lomagundi district
Koefoed, S	16/06/1896			Prospector killed at Beatrice Mine by Mhlopa's men with Tate
Law, Horace	20/06/1896			Storekeeper killed near N.C. Campbell's farm
McCullum, William Capt.	25/06/1896			killed with Charlie at Matatima telegraph construction camp
McGowan, James	21/06/1896			Prospector killed near Deary's store, Lomagundi
Metcalf, Samuel	20/06/1896			Trader killed at Nedziwi's kraal 5 miles from Headlands with Hitchman, Richards
Milton, William	20/06/1896			Transport rider killed on Umtali road
Moony, David Enraght	15/06/1896			Native Commissioner killed near Mashayamombe's kraal
Moore, John	20/06/1896			Storekeeper killed near Umtali telegraph line
Mynhardt, AGF	21/06/1896			Native Commissioner killed at his camp Lomagundi district
Nelson, Thomas	20/06/1896			Prospector killed near Umswezwe river, Hartley district
Noble, Andrew	20/06/1896			killed in Abercorn district
Norton, Caroline	17/06/1896			killed at Porta farm with Alexander, Ms Fairweather
Norton, Dorothy	17/06/1896			killed at Porta farm with Alexander, Ms Fairweather
Norton, Joseph	17/06/1896			killed at Porta farm with Alexander, Ms Fairweather
Phillips, Henry Owen	20/06/1896			killed near Graham and White's store, Umtali road
Pollard, Henry Hawken	18/06/1896			Native Commissioner for Mazoe district killed at Tamaringa's kraal
Richards, G	20/06/1896			Trader killed at Nedziwi's kraal 5 miles from Headlands with Hitchman, Metcalf
Routledge, T.G.	18/06/1896			Telegraphist killed returning from Mazoe telegraph office to Alice laager
Ruping, Henry Hermann	24/06/1896			Acting Native Commissioner Abercorn district killed by own police at M'lewa
Saddler, Henry	20/06/1896			Trader killed near Manyame river
Salthouse, Elijah Thomas	18/06/1896			Prospector with George Burton last seen at Chipadza's kraal
Saunders, William	20/06/1896			Transport rider, Salisbury district
Schooter, Frederick	21/06/1896			Homan's storekeeper killed at Native Commissioner's camp, Lomagundi
Shapiro, Reuben	20/06/1896			killed at Maliwa's kraal, Abercorn
Shell, A	15/06/1896			killed at Mashayamombe's kraal, Hartley with Stunt
Short, Henry	23/06/1896			Trader killed on Charter road
Smit, Cornelius	20/06/1896			Farmer killed at Van der Maerwe's farm, Charter
Smith, Arthur	18/06/1896			killed near Ballyhooley Hotel, Salisbury district
State, alias Steyte	20/06/1896			killed Lomagundi district
Steele, James	21/06/1896			Abercorn prospector, believed killed at Makombi's kraal with Frank Austin
Steele, William	21/06/1896			Carpenter and prospector, Abercorn district
Stopforth, Jan Martinus	20/06/1896			Farmer killed at his farm 10 miles from Enkeldoorn
Stunt, John	15/06/1896			killed at Mashayamombe's kraal, Hartley with Shell
Sugar, Robert	20/06/1896			Fitter last seen at Abercorn store with Crouchley
Tapsell, Walter	21/06/1896			Farmer Abercorn district killed at Makombi's kraal
Tate, William James	16/06/1896			Mining engineer killed at Beatrice Mine by Mhlopa's men with Koefoed
Thurgood, Harry	15/06/1896			Former Native Commmissioner Hartley killed at George's Camp
Tucker, Augustus Thomas	20/06/1896			Barman at Ballyhooley Hotel killed near Law's store
Turner, A.L.	19/06/1896			Storekeeper Hartley Hill killed with Carrick on way to Salisbury
Van der Merwe, Caspar	20/06/1896			Farmer killed at his farm, Charter district
Van Rooyen, Robert W.A.	16/06/1896			Transport rider killed near Manyame river
Wallace, James	17/06/1896			Prospector killed at his farm in Hartley district
Watkins, Charles Herbert	21/06/1896			Medical Officer killed near Deary's store, Lomagundi
Weyers, child	18/06/1896			killed on Umtali road, Salisbury district
Weyers, child	18/06/1896			killed on Umtali road, Salisbury district
Weyers, Jan	18/06/1896			killed on Umtali road, Salisbury district
Weyers, Mrs Susana	18/06/1896			killed on Umtali road, Salisbury district
White, James	07/07/1896			Farm Manager, killed at Wesleyan Mission Station, Marandellas
White, William de Coy	19/06/1896			Storekeeper, Salisbury district
Wickstrom, N.A.	17/06/1896			Prospector killed near Umswezwe river, Hartley district

1896-7 List of casualties in Mashonaland
Military
Name	Date	Rank	Unit	Details
Killed in Action
Barnes, William Edward	13/08/1896	Lieut	Army Service Corps	KIA at Gatsi's kraal
Botha, Philip Jacobus	12/10/1896	Tpr	Honey's Scouts	KIA at Chena's kraal
Brady, John Charles	23/02/1897	Tpr	BSAP	KIA at Mashanganyika's kraal
Closs, John	06/06/1897	Tpr	BSAP	KIA at Mashanganyika's kraal
Coryndon, John Selby	11/10/1896	Tpr	Sby Rifles	KIA at Chena's kraal
Dando, William	12/07/1897	Pte	7th Hussars	KIA at Mzwitswi's kraal
Evans, Francis Studdart	19/10/1896	Major	Derbyshire Regt	KIA at Gatsi's kraal
Gwillim, William Henry	20/07/1896	Tpr	SFF	KIA on second Hartley patrol
Haynes, Aubrey Edward	03/08/1896	Capt	RE	KIA at Makoni's kraal
Hull, John Charles Labor	24/07/1897	Volunteer		KIA at Mashayamombe's kraal
Jacobs, Gileam	20/06/1896	Tpr	SFF	KIA on first Mazoe patrol
Johnson, Edward	12/09/1896	Tpr	SFF	KIA at Simbanoota's kraal
Joliffe, Michael	17/08/1896	Conductor	Transport	KIA at Marandella's kraal
McGeer, Christian	20/06/1896	Lieut	SFF	KIA on first Mazoe patrol
Mitchell, John Bentley	19/06/1896	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	KIA on first Hartley patrol
Robertson, William Miller	19/06/1897	Sgt	BSAP	KIA at Kunzwi's kraal
Sims, Edward	19/07/1897	Pte	7th Hussars	KIA in Hartley district
Smithwick, Charles Standish	12/07/1897	Tpr	BSAP	KIA at Mzwitswi's kraal
Stevens, Charles Trelawney	25/06/1896	Guide	SFF	KIA at Chishawasha
Stoddart, James Hastie	17/04/1897	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	KIA at Soswe's kraal
Van Staaden, Hermanus J.	20/06/1896	Tpr	SFF	KIA on first Mazoe patrol
Vickers, Smith	03/08/1896	Pte	King's Royal Rifles	KIA at Makoni's kraal
Wickham, William	03/08/1896	Pte	King's Royal Rifles	KIA at Makoni's kraal
Died of wounds received in Action
Baxter, Robert	26/07/1897	Tpr	BSAP	died from wounds rec'd at Chesumba's kraal
Bedson, Frank	10/07/1897	Tpr	BSAP	died from wounds rec'd at Chesumba's kraal
Bennison, Sidney H.	22/06/1897	Tpr	BSAP	died from wounds rec'd at Kunzwi's kraal
Earnshaw, Harry Popplewell	19/10/1896	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	accidentally shot at Gatsi's kraal
Finucane, Edward Eustace	22/10/1896	Capt	Sby Rifles	died from wounds rec'd at Eyre's farm
Frost, William	14/09/1896	Pte	King's Royal Rifles	died from wounds rec'd near Graham and White's store
Gordon, George	29/09/1896	Lieut	Umtali Rifles	revolver accident
Grapes, Charles	20/10/1896	Pte	Norfolk Regt	died from wounds rec'd at Chena's kraal
Hermiston	24/07/1896	Tpr	MRF	lost on March between Charter and Marandellas
Irwin, George	22/06/1897	Tpr	BSAP	died from wounds rec'd at Kunzwi's kraal
Jenkins, Henry	4/08/1896	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	revolver accident
Keatinge, Frank	18/06/1896	Cpl	MMP	killed at Gwebe river, real name Frank Gilbert Keating Jackson
Mitchell, William Walton	31/07/1897	Tpr	BSAP	lost on veld in Hartley district
Morris, Herbert John	02/10/1896	Lieut	Umtali Rifles	died from wounds rec'd at Manyabera's kraal
Payne, John William	16/06/1897	Tpr	BSAP	accidentally shot at Fort Alderson, Mazoe
Simmonds, Arthur	29/07/1897	Tpr	BSAP	died from wounds rec'd at Mashayamombe's kraal
Taylor, George	28/05/1897	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	died from wounds rec'd at Marandella's kraal
Tenant, Robert		Sgt	BSAP	fell off a rock and killed at Fort Hartley
Wills, Franklin	18/06/1896	Tpr	MMP	killed at Gwebe river with Keatinge
Young, Arthur Liston	21/06/1896	Tpr	MMP	killed near Eyre's farm, Great Dyke
Died from Other Causes
Armstrong, Douglas Fyfe	12/06/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Salisbury of fever
Beaty, John	29/10/1896	Pte	Medical Corps	Marandellas of fever
Beaumont, Samuel	8/05/1897	Tpr	BSAP	On patrol near Salisbury of fever
Bellenden, William	7/02/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Salisbury of fever and dysentery
Birks, John Edward	21/05/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Umtali of fever
Bremner, William Henry	14/02/1897	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	Marandellas
Brett, Edward	10/06/1897	Tpr	Mt Darwin volunteers	Salisbury of fever
Butcher, Harry	16/02/1897	Tpr	Natal Troop	Hartley of fever
Caplen, Henry Stanley	18/07/1896	Sgt-Major	Umtali Rifles	Umtali of fever
Clarke, William	1/05/1897	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	Fort Wood of fever
Davids, Charles	23/04/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Fort Chiquaqua of fever
Dudley, F.C.	23/03/1897	Sgt	Umtali Rifles	Headlands of fever
Erskine, James	6/07/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Salisbury of fever
Fish, Albert	7/08/1897	Tpr	BSAP	found dead on veld near Marandellas
Foster, John Lowry	23/03/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Hartley of fever
Fraser, Wm Archibald	02/12/1896	Tpr	Umtali Rifles	Umtali of fever
Hales, Arthur J.	05/12/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Kunzwi's kraal of fever
Hodgson, Robert	14/07/1896	Tpr	Natal Troop	Salisbury of fever
Hunt, C	28/11/1896	Tpr	Artillery	Salisbury of fever
Jay, Edgar	27/12/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Makori of fever
Lee, Herman	30/06/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Hartley of fever
Livingstone, Wm Kinloch	12/01/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Hartley of fever
McCormick, James	11/05/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Marandellas of fever
McGowan, James	18/11/1896	Cpl	Artillery	Salisbury of fever and jaundice
MacVinnie, William	12/07/1897	Cpl	BSAP	Salisbury of fever
Maxwell, William	16/06/1897	Sgt	BSAP	found dead on veld near Fort Gibbs, Gwelo
Moloney, Joseph	12/03/1897	Surgeon	Umtali Rifles	Marandellas of fever
Noy, Richard	18/06/1896			Miner died of fever on way to Salisbury
Overstall, Frederick	11/02/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Hartley of fever
Rowland, John Robert	14/07/1896			Died of exhaustion after Abercorn store siege
Scott, John	22/03/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Hartley of fever
Sims, George	02/04/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Hartley of fever
Slade, William George	07/07/1896	Bugler	White's Scouts	Enkeldoorn of dysentery
Varndell, C.R.	06/04/1897	Sgt	Natal Troop	Hartley of fever
Watts, Charles Edward	26/06/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Salisbury of fever
White, Harry	23/04/1897	Tpr	BSAP	Fort Chiquaqua of fever
Zboril, Adolph	27/06/1896	Volunteer	Natal Troop	Salisbury of sunstroke

			MMP	Mashonaland Mounted Police
			MRF	Mashonaland Relief Force
			RE	Royal Engineers
			SFF	Salisbury Field Force

References

C.K. Cooke. Memorials: Matabele Rebellion 1896. Rhodesiana Publication No 22, July 1970

The ’96 Rebellions - The British South Africa Company Reports on the Native Disturbances in Rhodesia, 1896-7. Books of Rhodesia, Bulawayo 1975

D. Judson 1896 report to Judge Vintcent / H. Marshall Hole. Old Rhodesian Days. Books of Rhodesia, Bulawayo 1976

R.S. Baden-Powell. The Matabele Campaign being a Narrative of the Campaign in suppressing the Native Rising in Matabeleland and Mashonaland. Methuen and Co, London 1901

E.E. Burke. Mazoe and the Mashona Rebellion, 1896-7. Rhodesiana Publication No 25. December 1971

R.C. Howland. The Mazoe Patrol. Rhodesiana Publication No 8. 1963

For detailed instructions to all of the National Monuments see the articles in www.zimfieldguide.com

When to visit

n/a

1896-7 Rebellion Memorials

When to visit

Photographs